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1.
The influence of additives such as TiO2, Al2O3 and their mechanical mixture as well as aluminium oxide, the surface of which contains phosphorous and titanium-oxide nanostructures, on the combustibility of foam plast (trade mark PEN-I), produced on the basis of epoxide novolak block-copolymers, was studied. It was stated that the incorporation both phosphorous-containing and titanium-containing oxides in the composition results in significant (in two to five times) decreasing of the samples’ combustibility. The probable mechanism of inhibition of burning process for those combustion retarders was discussed. 相似文献
2.
The segregation of P at grain boundaries is believed to be an important cause of temper embrittlement in steels. As an alloy element, Mo may reduce the embrittlement. However, the concentration measured by Auger electron spectroscopy at the grain boundary in 2.25Cr1MoV and 12Cr1MoV showed that the concentration of P increased with that of Mo, which indicates that Mo and P cosegregated to the grain boundary in Cr-Mo steels. 相似文献
3.
The electromagnetic field distribution on an illuminated rough gold surface has been investigated by apertureless scanning near-field optical microscopy. The sample consists of an alumina substrate with a variable gold coverage ranging from 0 to 30 monolayers (ML). For such small thicknesses, the metal layer is not continuous but exhibits a certain roughness. We have studied the influence of this thickness on the electromagnetic field localization on the surface. For a gold coverage smaller than 10 equivalent monolayers, the electromagnetic field is almost uniform on the surface. For 10 and 14 ML, the field becomes inhomogeneous and isolated, localized peaks start to be visible. The width of the peaks is smaller than 50 nm. Above 14 ML, strong variations are apparent everywhere on the sample. Their amplitude tends to saturate beyond 24 ML. A complete statistical study of the sample (standard deviation, Fourier analysis) is performed. 相似文献
4.
5.
S. E. Mangioni H. S. Wio 《The European Physical Journal B - Condensed Matter and Complex Systems》2008,61(1):67-73
We analyze the effect of a colored non Gaussian noise on a model of
a random walker moving along a ratchet potential. Such a model was
motivated by the transport properties of motor proteins, like
kinesin and myosin. Previous studies have been realized assuming
white noises. However, for real situations, in general we could
expect that those noises be correlated and non Gaussian. Among other
aspects, in addition to a maximum in the current as the noise
intensity is varied, we have also found another optimal value of the
current when departing from Gaussian behavior. We show the relevant
effects that arise when departing from Gaussian behavior,
particularly related to current's enhancement, and discuss its
relevance for both biological and technological situations. 相似文献
6.
Vicari L 《The European physical journal. E, Soft matter》2002,9(4):335-340
We present a new pump probe laser beams configuration for the nonlinear optical characterization of microemulsions. We detect
the variation of the on-axis optical intensity of the probe beam as generated by the concentration profile induced in an optically
thin film of microemulsion by the pump beam. A mathematical model has been introduced to describe the phenomenon. The technique
allows the determination of both Kerr-like optical nonlinearity and time constants and, therefore, it gives information both
on cluster dimension and their shape. We discuss its application to WAD (water/AOT/decane, where AOT denotes sodium-bis-di-ethyl-sulfosuccinate)
with the application of a strong electric field of optical source. Comparison between theoretical predictions and experimental
results confirms the presence of giant optical nonlinearity in the absence of turbidity divergence. Chainlike shape of clusters,
of the kind already reported with the application of strong electric field, could justify this result.
Received 26 October 2002
RID="a"
ID="a"e-mail: vicari@na.infn.it 相似文献
7.
Koga T 《The European physical journal. E, Soft matter》2005,17(3):381-388
The formation of intramolecular micelles in copolymers with periodic sequence, where hydrophobic units (stickers) are periodically placed along the chain, is studied by using multicanonical Monte Carlo computer simulations for an off-lattice bead-rod model in three dimensions. With decreasing the temperature, a transition from random-coil conformations to micelles occurs and flower-type micelles are formed via the transition. The number of stickers forming a micelle core is limited by the excluded-volume effect of loop chains around micelle cores. By this effect, two intramolecular micelles are formed for long polymer chains with 60 bonds via the coil-to-micelle transition. By further decreasing the temperature, we find that another transition, i.e., a micelle-to-micelle transition, takes place. At this transition point, the two intramolecular micelles merge into one micelle. Furthermore, we extend the multicanonical MC method to study elastic properties of single polymer chains with strong attractive interactions under external force fields, and study how the intramolecular micellization affects the elastic property of single polymer chains. 相似文献
8.
Costa AC Composto RJ Vlcek P Geoghegan M 《The European physical journal. E, Soft matter》2005,18(2):159-166
Using neutron reflectometry, the adsorption of diblock copolymers from a neutral polystyrene (PS) matrix is studied as a function
of substrate type and non-adsorbing block degree of polymerization. The block copolymer is poly(deutero styrene)-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) and the substrates are silicon oxide, SiOx, and SiOx functionalized with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES). We have determined the equilibrium volume fraction-depth profiles
for such films, and compared them with volume fraction profiles generated by self-consistent mean-field (SCMF) theory and
find good agreement between the experimental and theoretical data. SCMF calculations show that the segmental interaction energy
between PS matrix chains and APTES is two orders of magnitude stronger than that between PS and SiOx. 相似文献
9.
We investigate the structural behavior of a poly(styrene)-block-poly(acrylic acid) diblock copolymer which forms hexagonally-packed PS cylinders (C-phase) in the melt state. The water dispersion of this structure provides hairy cylinders which comprise a PAA swollen cylindrical brush with a height h tunable via its degree of ionization and the ionic strength in the solution, and a water-free, PS cylindrical core of constant radius RC. Such system constitutes an out-of-equilibrium frustrated model system: the selective swelling of the PAA brush results in a frustration of the interface curvature, which the ratio h/RC allows to quantify. Upon heating at a temperature higher than the glass transition temperature of the PS core, the glassiness of the core is relieved and the mechanical constraints arising from the selective swelling of the structure can be relaxed: the cylinders undergo a cylinder-to-sphere transition upon annealing at high temperature, when above a frustration threshold h/RC 1.8. Thanks to a careful mapping of the transition diagram, an undulating cylindrical morphology (UC) is identified between unchanged cylinders ( h/RC
1.8) and spheres ( h/RC 2.0), which appears to result from a Rayleigh-like pearling instability of the copolymer cylinders. 相似文献
10.
Oelschlaeger C Buhler E Waton G Candau SJ 《The European physical journal. E, Soft matter》2003,11(1):7-20
The mixed micellization between the cationic gemini surfactant [ C12H25( CH3)2N+( C2H4) N+( CH3)2 C12H25•2Br-] and the cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) in 150 mM KBr solutions has been investigated. The variation of the
cmc of the mixtures, measured by surface tension experiments, with composition revealed synergism in micelle formation. T-Jump
and light scattering experiments performed in the vicinity of the crossover volume fraction showed the existence of two micellar
populations, possibly linear and toroidal micelles. Rheological and dynamic light scattering experiments allowed to fully
characterize the linear viscoelasticity of the mixtures. These measurements revealed synergistic gains in viscoelastic properties
with a maximum of the stress-relaxation time around the equimolar composition. These effects are ascribed to a progressive
intermicellar crosslinking resulting from a continuous increase of the end-cap energy with the 12-2-12 content in the mixture.
Received: 18 November 2002 / Accepted: 8 April 2003 / Published online: 27 May 2003
RID="a"
ID="a"e-mail: candau@fresnel.u-strasbg.fr 相似文献